Soborrheic dermatitis is not regular dandruff

What are the causes, signs and symptoms of soborrheic dermatitis and contact dermatitis? Dermatitis is a general term for inflammation of the skin, which may lead to hair loss. Individuals suffering from these disorders show signs of scaly patches on the scalp and/or thick crusts of scales, which are visible on the frontal hairline and forehead. Soborrheic dermatitis skin may look yellowish and may be oily or, dry and flaky.  (This is the result of the hyper-activity of sebaceous —oil secreting— glands of the body.)  It may even look like regular dandruff (pityriasis).  Soborrheic dermatitis most often occurs on the scalp, face, behind the ears, eyebrows and along the creases of the nose and on the chest (mostly in men).

It is one of the most common scaly scalp conditions seen by trichologists in the Caribbean.  It is considered a minor scalp disorder for which the treatment results are amazingly good. The skin/scalp must be thoroughly cleansed before applying the treatment.  However, though treatable, this condition is not curable.  The client should be encouraged to return for periodic treatments to keep this condition under control.  It is important to note that some hair and scalp chemicals, including oils and pomades will cause further irritation and worsen this condition.

Trichological treatment consists of soothing techniques to the hair and scalp.  Any attempt to remove these scales manually will result in hair breakage and temporary hair loss.  Most over-the-counter scalp and conditioners do not help in alleviating these symptoms so it is important to see a trichologist for a consultation.  The trichologist will determine the right strength and type of treatment needed to truly control this condition.  In some cases I see, I have to refer to a medical practitioner — dermatologist because of other underlying factors that may influence proper treatment.

Contact Dermatitis of the scalp can be divided into two types: Allergic and Irritant: Allergic Contact Dermatitis occurs generally in people who are genetically pre-disposed (inherited) allergic to the chemicals in certain hair products.  When these chemicals come into contact with the scalp itching occurs within 12 - 48 hours.  If not treated the allergic reaction can worsen resulting in oozing, eye swelling, redness and itching.  This reaction is considered life threatening.  A physician must be immediately contacted.

Irritant contact dermatitis of the scalp is usually a gradual process and can be caused by the continued use of harsh hair relaxers (lye or no lye based) and/or curly perms. The improper use of these hair products can cause inflammation of the scalp and itching.  Early treatment can prevent hair loss.  Recognising the problem and adjusting hair care practices are the most effective ways of treating this problem. Always see a hair care professional for your hair care services to avoid this condition.

Germaine Williams-Beckles is a qualified trichologist. If  you have queries about your hair or scalp condition send questions to news@newsday.co.tt or call 625-6774.